NYC Emerging Markets Trading: how does a native english speaker navigate the business?

So EM trading in NYC, I noticed people can be basically divided into 3 groups. For NYC, it's mostly LATAM.

1) People from Brazil/Mexico who grew up there and traded the local currency onshore products, possibly at the Bank's local branch before transferring to NYC.
2) Portuguese/Spanish speaking Americans who have some experience with international finance and joined.
3) Junior People who speak only English who joined possibly after summering with the EM group

How does someone who fit into the 3rd group navigate a spanish speaking desk? How does his/her career progress with that disadvantage?

Also, when clients buy USD-external debt, do they call up an offshore entity of the bank or the onshore entity? What about local currency debt? What is the volume in NYC concentrated in vs that of the bank's local branch?

 

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